Prayer of Joseph

If Origen's title gives us a hint, the surviving passsages are part of Jacob's prayer for Joseph, rather than a prayer of Joseph. Jacob, in this theology, is among the beings that pre-existed the creation of the even the angels. There are two passages quoted in Origen and then just a few paragraphs after the second quote there is a referece to both. The second passage is quoted a couple of other places and there are other references to the work. See Smith's discussion in OTP [AH].

Origen, Commentary on John 25 (2.31)

[Thus Jacob says:]
"I, Jacob, who speaks to you, am also Israel, I am an angel of God, a ruling spirit, Abraham and Isaac were pre-created before all other works; But I am Jacob, called Jacob by men, but my name is Israel, called Israel by God, that is, 'a man seeing God,' because I was the first-born of every creature that God brought to life."
[And he adds:]
"When I was coming from Mesopotamian Syria, Uriel, the angel of God, came forth, and said, that I had come down to the earth and made my dwelling among men, and I had been given the name, 'Jacob.' He was angry with me and fought with me and wrestled against me, saying that his name and the name of the one who is before every angel should be before my name. And I told him his name and how great he was among the sons of God; "Are you not Uriel my eighth, and I am Israel and archangel of the power of the Lord and a chief captain among the sons of God? Am not I Israel, the first minister in the sight of God," and I invoked my God by the inextinguishable name?"
[Tr. Allan Menzies, Ante-Nicene Fathers, somewhat modified in light of Jonathan Z. Smith's translation in Charlesworth's OTP

Origen, Philocalia 23.15

[And thus what is said by Jacob in the Prayer for Joseph may be understood:]
"For I read in the pages of the sky what shall befall you and your sons."
Tr. George Lewis

Origen, Philocalia 23.19

[And another way also Jacob was more than human, for he supplanted his brother, and confessed in the same book from which we quoted the words,]
"I read in the pages of the sky," that he was commander-in-chief of the host of the Lord and had long ago gained the name Israel; all of which he acknowledges when ministering in bodily form, when the Archangel Uriel reminds him of it.
Tr. George Lewis